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Johann Goldsmid, better known by his latinized name Johann(es) Fabricius (8 January 1587 – 19 March 1616),〔''Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers'', Springer, 2007, p. 353.〕 eldest son of David Fabricius (1564–1617), was a Frisian/German astronomer and a discoverer of sunspots (in 1610), independently of Galileo Galilei.〔Based on text in main reference.〕 ==Biography== Johannes was born in Resterhafe (East Friesland). He studied at the University of Helmstedt, Wittenberg University and graduated from Leiden University in 1611. He returned from university in the Netherlands with telescopes that he and his father turned on the Sun. Despite the difficulties of observing the sun directly, they noted the existence of sunspots, the first confirmed instance of their observation (though unclear statements in East Asian annals suggest that Chinese and Korean astronomers may have discovered them with the naked eye previously, and Fabricius may have noticed them himself without a telescope a few years before). Johannes first observed a sunspot on February 27, 1611; in Wittenberg in that year he published the results of his observations in his 22 page pamphlet ''De Maculis in Sole observatis....''. It was the first publication on the topic of sunspots. The pair soon used camera obscura telescopy so as to save their eyes and get a better view of the solar disk, and observed that the spots moved. They would appear on the eastern edge of the disk, steadily move to the western edge, disappear, then reappear at the east again after the same amount of time that it had taken for it to cross the disk in the first place.〔Wilfried Schroeder has published the paper by Fabricius on the discovery of sunspots in 1611 in: Wilfried Schroeder, ''The Discovery of Sunspots'', Bremen 2009.〕 Copies of a map he made of Frisia in 1589 are also still extant. He is also name-checked in Jules Verne's ''From the Earth to the Moon'' as someone who claimed to have seen lunar inhabitants through his telescope, though that particular fact is merely part of Verne's fiction. The large () Fabricius crater, on the Moon's southern hemisphere, is named after his father, David Fabricius. He died in Marienhafe, at the age of 29. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Johannes Fabricius」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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